Making a Squirrel Den Box: Tips and Tricks

Providing a safe and comfortable haven for squirrels can enrich your backyard ecosystem and offer a unique opportunity to observe these fascinating creatures. Creating a squirrel den box is a rewarding project that involves both carpentry skills and a touch of wildlife-friendly design.

This guide will delve into the essential steps, tips, and tricks for building a squirrel den box, ensuring it meets the needs of your local squirrel population and fosters a harmonious relationship between you and these furry residents.

Choosing the Right Materials

The materials you choose will significantly impact the longevity and suitability of your squirrel den box. Opt for weather-resistant and durable options to withstand the elements and provide a safe haven for your furry tenants.

Wood Selection:

• Cedar: Renowned for its natural resistance to rot, insects, and moisture, making it an excellent choice for squirrel den boxes.
• Redwood: Similar to cedar, redwood is naturally resistant to decay and insects, offering excellent durability.
• Pressure-Treated Pine: Provides a budget-friendly option with good resistance to moisture. However, ensure the pressure-treated wood is free of harmful chemicals, as squirrels may chew on the wood.
• Plywood: Can be used for the box's interior but ensure it is exterior-grade plywood for increased durability.

Hardware:

• Stainless Steel Screws: Resist rust and corrosion, ensuring the box remains sturdy over time.
• Heavy-Duty Hinges: If you opt for a hinged roof, choose strong hinges that can withstand the weight of the box and prevent sagging.
• Weatherstripping: Seals gaps between the roof and sides, minimizing drafts and providing insulation.

Designing the Perfect Den Box

The design of your squirrel den box should be tailored to the specific needs of your local squirrel population. Consider factors like climate, squirrel species, and potential predators.

Dimensions:

• Width: 10-12 inches
• Height: 12-14 inches
• Depth: 10-12 inches

These dimensions are general guidelines and can be adjusted slightly depending on the size of the squirrels in your area.

Entrance Hole:

• Size: 3-4 inches in diameter
• Placement: Position the entrance hole 6-8 inches from the bottom of the box, high enough to prevent water from entering during heavy rain.

Roof Style:

• Flat Roof: Easy to construct but requires adequate overhang to prevent water accumulation.
• Shingled Roof: Offers excellent weather resistance and adds a rustic appeal.
• Hinged Roof: Allows for easy cleaning and monitoring of the box's interior.

Additional Features:

• Ventilation: Include small vents or holes on the sides or rear of the box to ensure adequate airflow and prevent condensation.
• Predator Guard: If predators are a concern, consider adding a metal sheet around the entrance hole to prevent raccoons or other animals from accessing the box.
• Interior Platform: Construct a small platform inside the box to give the squirrels a raised surface for resting and nesting.

Construction Steps

Building a squirrel den box is a straightforward process that involves assembling the basic structure, adding the entrance hole, and finishing touches.

1. Cut the Wood:

• Using a saw, cut the wood planks to the dimensions you determined in your design.
• Cut a square piece of plywood for the base of the box.
• For the entrance hole, cut a circular piece of wood using a hole saw.

2. Assemble the Box:

• Attach the four side pieces to the base using screws, creating a rectangular box.
• If you're building a flat roof, cut two pieces of wood for the roof and attach them to the top of the box. Ensure the roof has a slight overhang to prevent water pooling.
• For a hinged roof, attach a hinge to one side of the roof and the opposite side of the box, allowing the roof to open for easy access.

3. Create the Entrance Hole:

• Position the circular piece of wood you cut earlier for the entrance hole on the side of the box, approximately 6-8 inches from the bottom.
• Use screws to secure the circular piece of wood in place, creating a smooth opening for the squirrels.
• If you're adding a predator guard, cut a piece of metal slightly larger than the entrance hole and attach it around the opening using screws or nails.

4. Add Finishing Touches:

• Apply a layer of sealant to the exterior of the box to protect the wood from the elements.
• If desired, paint or stain the box for a more aesthetically pleasing look. Choose non-toxic paints and sealants that are safe for wildlife.
• Attach a small piece of wood to the underside of the box to create a small ledge for the squirrels to enter and exit the box.

Placing the Squirrel Den Box

The location you choose for your squirrel den box will impact its success in attracting and accommodating squirrels. Consider these factors:

1. Height and Protection:

• Mount the box at least 10 feet off the ground, preferably on a sturdy tree or post.
• Ensure the box is in a location that offers some natural protection from the elements and potential predators.

2. Accessibility and Visibility:

• Place the box in a spot that is visible from a safe distance, allowing you to observe the squirrels without disturbing them.
• Make sure the entrance hole is facing away from prevailing winds and heavy rainfall.

3. Near Food Sources:

• If possible, position the box near trees with nuts or other food sources that squirrels rely on.
• Avoid placing the box near bird feeders, as this may attract unwanted competition from birds.

Maintenance and Care

A little maintenance goes a long way in ensuring your squirrel den box remains inviting and functional for its inhabitants.

1. Regular Cleaning:

• Clean the box thoroughly in the spring and fall, removing old nesting material and debris.
• Use a gentle cleaning solution or just hot water, avoiding harsh chemicals that could be harmful to the squirrels.

2. Check for Damage:

• Inspect the box for signs of wear and tear, particularly around the entrance hole and roof.
• Repair any damage promptly to ensure the box remains safe and weatherproof.

3. Monitor Activity:

• Observe the box periodically to ensure the squirrels are using it.
• If you notice signs of trouble, such as squirrels refusing to enter or exhibiting signs of illness, consult a wildlife rehabilitator for guidance.

By following these tips and tricks, you can create a comfortable and inviting squirrel den box that provides a safe haven for your furry friends. Enjoy the joy of observing these fascinating creatures in your backyard, and remember to treat your squirrel tenants with respect and care.